The project directed by Tong Limin group in Department of Optical Engineering won the Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Award (the first class) in 2014. By merging fiber optics and nanotechnology, the project carried out systematical research on wave guiding, fabrication and device applications of optical microfibers and nanofibers, with major outcomes ranging from novel near-field coupling technique, active microfiber fabrication, high-sensitivity fast-response optical sensors to miniaturized microfiber lasers. These results open new opportunities to novel photonic technology and devices on micrometer or nanometer scale, and have pushed the frontier of microfiber research worldwide.